The Immune System
The immune system is a host defence system comprising many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease. It is a network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend against attacks by “foreign” invade

Allergy, Asthma and Hypersensitivity
Session-2: Allergy, Asthma and Hypersensitivity An allergy is a reaction by your immune system to something in the environment that generally causes little or no problem in most people. Allergic reactions occur when an individual who has produced IgE ant

Immunotherapy and CancerTumour Immunologyv
Immunotherapy is the "treatment of disease by inducing, enhancing, or suppressing an immune response”. Immunotherapies designed to elicit or amplify an immune response are classified as activation immunotherapies, while immunotherapies that reduce or supp

Microbiology and Clinical Immunology
Microbiology is the branch which deals with all the living organisms those are too small to be visible with the naked eye. This includes bacteria, viruses, fungi, archaea, prions, protozoa and algae, collectively known as 'microbes'. These microbes play k

Reproductive Immunology
Reproductive immunology refers to a field of health science that studies interactions between the immune system and components related to the reproductive system, such as maternal immune tolerance towards the foetus, or immunological interactions across t

Transplantation Immunology
Transplant immunology is the study of the immune response that occurs when an organ or tissue is moved (grafted) from one individual to another. A major problem following transplantation is that the immune system of the recipient sees the grafted tissue a

Antibiotics and Current Research
Antibiotics are the drug used to treat bacterial infections. Antibiotics have no effect on viral infections. Originally, an antibiotic was a substance produced by one microorganism that selectively inhibits the growth of another. Synthetic antibiotics, us

Antigen and Antibody An Interplay
Antibodies, also called immunoglobulin’s, are proteins manufactured by the body that help fight against foreign substances called antigens. When an antigen enters the body, it stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies. (The immune system is the b

Autoimmunity
Autoimmunity is the system of immune responses of an organism against its own healthy cells and tissues. It refers to a failure of the body’s immune system to recognize its own cells and tissues as “self”. Instead, immune responses are launched against th

Immunodeficiency and Immune system disorders
Immunodeficiency is a state in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. Most cases of immunodeficiency are acquired ("secondary") due to extrinsic factors that affect the patient's immune

Immunogenetics
Immunogenetics or Immunogenetics is the branch of medical genetics that explores the relationship between the immune system and genetics. Immunology deals with the biological and biochemical basis for the body's defence against germs (such as bacteria, vi

Computational Immunology
Computational immunology includes the development and application of bioinformatics methods, mathematical models and statistical techniques for the study of immune system biology. It aims to study the complex protein–protein interactions and networks and

Neuroimmunology
Neuroimmunology is the study of the interaction between central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord) and immune system. Neuroimmunology contributes to development of new pharmacological treatments for several neurological conditions. Neuroinflammati

Immunochemistry and Immunopathology
Immunochemistry is a branch of chemistry that involves the study of the molecular mechanisms underlying the function of the immune system, especially the nature of antibodies, antigens and their interactions. Pathology is a branch of medical science prima

Paediatric Immunology
Session-15: Paediatric Immunology A child suffering from allergies or other problems with his immune system is referred as paediatric immunology. Child’s immune system fights against infections. If the child has allergies, their immune system wrongly rea

Immunity, Infectious agents and Infectious diseases
Immunity is the balanced state of multicellular organisms having adequate biological defences to fight infection, disease, or other unwanted biological invasion, while having adequate tolerance to avoid allergy, and autoimmune diseases. Infectious disease